//! Loading the owner's grant files into a `GrantSet`, failing closed.
//!
//! A mistyped `deny` grant that was skipped would silently become an allow wherever another grant
//! matches, so if any file is invalid the whole set is invalid. `load` therefore returns either a
//! complete valid set or the full list of problems, never a partial one, and reports every problem
//! in every file rather than only the first.

use std::path::Path;

use crate::args::{ToolName, valid_host_pattern, valid_path};
use proto::{DataClass, Grant, GrantProblem, Mode, sha256};

/// Where the owner reads the rules behind a rejected set.
pub const RUNBOOK: &str = "see docs/runbook.md#grants-invalid";

/// A grant read from one file: the id (the file stem), the parsed grant, and the file's hash.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct LoadedGrant {
    pub id: String, // the file stem
    pub grant: proto::Grant,
    pub sha256: proto::Hash32, // of the file's bytes as read
}

/// A set that passed every rule, in id order. Its field is private: `from_grants` and `load` are
/// the only ways to make one that is not empty.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
pub struct GrantSet {
    grants: Vec<LoadedGrant>,
}

impl GrantSet {
    /// Build a set, checking every grant and refusing the whole set if any grant is invalid.
    pub fn from_grants(grants: Vec<LoadedGrant>) -> Result<GrantSet, Vec<GrantProblem>> {
        let mut grants = grants;
        grants.sort_by(|a, b| a.id.cmp(&b.id));

        let mut problems: Vec<GrantProblem> = Vec::new();
        let mut seen: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
        for grant in &grants {
            if seen.iter().any(|id| id == &grant.id) {
                push(
                    &mut problems,
                    format!("{}.toml", grant.id),
                    None,
                    "two grants have this id",
                );
            }
            seen.push(grant.id.clone());
            check_grant(grant, &mut problems);
        }

        if problems.is_empty() {
            Ok(GrantSet { grants })
        } else {
            Err(problems)
        }
    }

    /// The grants in id order.
    pub fn grants(&self) -> &[LoadedGrant] {
        &self.grants
    }
}

/// A file name is a valid grant id when it is 1 to 64 characters of `a-z`, `0-9` and `-`.
pub fn valid_id(id: &str) -> bool {
    if !(1..=64).contains(&id.len()) {
        return false;
    }
    id.bytes()
        .all(|b| matches!(b, b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'-'))
}

/// Read every `*.toml` in `dir` into a `GrantSet`, or report every problem found.
pub fn load(dir: &Path) -> Result<GrantSet, Vec<GrantProblem>> {
    // Step 1: the directory itself must be readable. A missing directory is not an empty set.
    let entries = match std::fs::read_dir(dir) {
        Ok(entries) => entries,
        Err(error) => {
            return Err(vec![GrantProblem {
                file: dir.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
                line: None,
                problem: format!("the grants directory cannot be read: {}", error),
            }]);
        }
    };

    // Step 2: collect and sort the file names, so problems come out in the same order every time.
    let mut names: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
    for entry in entries {
        match entry {
            Ok(entry) => names.push(entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().to_string()),
            Err(error) => {
                // An entry that cannot be read is the same problem as the directory.
                return Err(vec![GrantProblem {
                    file: dir.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
                    line: None,
                    problem: format!("the grants directory cannot be read: {}", error),
                }]);
            }
        }
    }
    names.sort();

    // Steps 3-7: read each file, keeping the valid grants and recording every other problem.
    let mut kept: Vec<LoadedGrant> = Vec::new();
    let mut problems: Vec<GrantProblem> = Vec::new();
    for name in &names {
        if !name.ends_with(".toml") {
            continue;
        }
        let id = &name[..name.len() - ".toml".len()];
        let path = dir.join(name);

        let bytes = match std::fs::read(&path) {
            Ok(bytes) => bytes,
            Err(error) => {
                // Never treat an unreadable file as absent.
                problems.push(GrantProblem {
                    file: name.clone(),
                    line: None,
                    problem: format!("cannot be read: {}", error),
                });
                continue;
            }
        };

        let text = match std::str::from_utf8(&bytes) {
            Ok(text) => text,
            Err(_) => {
                problems.push(GrantProblem {
                    file: name.clone(),
                    line: None,
                    problem: "is not UTF-8".to_string(),
                });
                continue;
            }
        };

        match toml::from_str::<Grant>(text) {
            Ok(grant) => {
                let sha256 = match sha256(&bytes) {
                    Ok(sha256) => sha256,
                    Err(error) => {
                        problems.push(GrantProblem {
                            file: name.clone(),
                            line: None,
                            problem: error.to_string(),
                        });
                        continue;
                    }
                };
                kept.push(LoadedGrant {
                    id: id.to_string(),
                    grant,
                    sha256,
                });
            }
            Err(error) => {
                problems.push(GrantProblem {
                    file: name.clone(),
                    line: Some(span_line(text, &error)),
                    problem: error.message().to_string(),
                });
            }
        }
    }

    // Step 8: even when the steps above found problems, still check the valid grants so the owner
    // sees everything at once. Return Err if anything at all was reported.
    let mut all = problems;
    let set = match GrantSet::from_grants(kept) {
        Ok(set) => Some(set),
        Err(value_problems) => {
            all.extend(value_problems);
            None
        }
    };
    all.sort_by(|a, b| a.file.cmp(&b.file));
    match set {
        Some(set) => {
            if all.is_empty() {
                Ok(set)
            } else {
                Err(all)
            }
        }
        None => Err(all),
    }
}

/// The 1-based line of a parse error's start: the number of newlines before it, plus one.
fn span_line(text: &str, error: &toml::de::Error) -> u64 {
    match error.span() {
        Some(range) => {
            let before = match text.get(..range.start) {
                Some(before) => before,
                None => text,
            };
            let newlines = before.bytes().filter(|&b| b == b'\n').count();
            u64::try_from(newlines).map_or(u64::MAX, |n| n.saturating_add(1))
        }
        None => 1,
    }
}

/// Check one grant and push every problem it has. `file` is `"<id>.toml"`, `line` is `None`.
fn check_grant(grant: &LoadedGrant, problems: &mut Vec<GrantProblem>) {
    let id = &grant.id;
    let inner = &grant.grant;
    let file = format!("{}.toml", id);

    // Rule 2: the id must be a valid grant id.
    if !valid_id(id) {
        push(
            problems,
            file.clone(),
            None,
            "the file name is not a valid grant id",
        );
    }

    // Rule 3: the tool must be one of the four; an unknown tool skips rule 6 but not the others.
    match ToolName::parse(&grant.grant.tool) {
        None => push(
            problems,
            file.clone(),
            None,
            "unknown tool; only read_file, write_file, shell and http_fetch",
        ),
        Some(tool) => check_tool_constraints(tool, &file, inner, problems),
    }

    // Rule 4: secrets are not supported until M4.
    if inner.secret.is_some() {
        push(
            problems,
            file.clone(),
            None,
            "secrets are not supported until M4",
        );
    }
    // Rule 5: patterns are not supported.
    if !inner.constraints.patterns.is_empty() {
        push(problems, file.clone(), None, "patterns are not supported");
    }
    // Rule 7: no path may be the whole file system or an invalid absolute path.
    for path in &inner.constraints.paths {
        if path == "/" {
            push(
                problems,
                file.clone(),
                None,
                "a grant of the whole file system is not supported",
            );
        } else if !valid_path(path) {
            push(
                problems,
                file.clone(),
                None,
                format!("{:?} is not a valid absolute path", path),
            );
        } else if path.contains([':', ',']) {
            // Mounted as `--volume=<path>:<path>:ro`, where both are separators.
            push(
                problems,
                file.clone(),
                None,
                format!("{:?} cannot be mounted: it contains ':' or ','", path),
            );
        }
    }
    // Rule 8: every host must be a valid host pattern.
    for host in &inner.constraints.hosts {
        if !valid_host_pattern(host) {
            push(
                problems,
                file.clone(),
                None,
                format!("{:?} is not a valid host pattern", host),
            );
        }
    }
    // Rule 9: a deny grant must apply at every taint.
    if inner.mode == Mode::Deny && inner.max_taint != DataClass::Secret {
        push(
            problems,
            file,
            None,
            "a deny grant must apply at every taint",
        );
    }
}

/// Rule 6: the per-tool checks on paths and hosts. `file` is `"<id>.toml"`.
fn check_tool_constraints(
    tool: ToolName,
    file: &str,
    grant: &Grant,
    problems: &mut Vec<GrantProblem>,
) {
    let tool = tool.as_str();
    match tool {
        "read_file" | "write_file" => {
            if grant.constraints.paths.is_empty() {
                push(
                    problems,
                    file.to_string(),
                    None,
                    format!("{} needs at least one path", tool),
                );
            }
            if !grant.constraints.hosts.is_empty() {
                push(
                    problems,
                    file.to_string(),
                    None,
                    format!("{} does not take hosts", tool),
                );
            }
        }
        "shell" if !grant.constraints.hosts.is_empty() => {
            push(
                problems,
                file.to_string(),
                None,
                format!("{} does not take hosts", tool),
            );
        }
        "http_fetch" => {
            if grant.constraints.hosts.is_empty() {
                push(
                    problems,
                    file.to_string(),
                    None,
                    "http_fetch needs at least one host",
                );
            }
            if !grant.constraints.paths.is_empty() {
                push(
                    problems,
                    file.to_string(),
                    None,
                    "http_fetch does not take paths",
                );
            }
        }
        _ => {}
    }
}

/// One line per problem, then `RUNBOOK` on its own line; every line ends with `\n`.
pub fn render(problems: &[GrantProblem]) -> String {
    let mut out = String::new();
    for problem in problems {
        match problem.line {
            Some(line) => {
                out.push_str(&format!("{}:{}: {}\n", problem.file, line, problem.problem));
            }
            None => {
                out.push_str(&format!("{}: {}\n", problem.file, problem.problem));
            }
        }
    }
    out.push_str(RUNBOOK);
    out.push('\n');
    out
}

fn push(
    problems: &mut Vec<GrantProblem>,
    file: String,
    line: Option<u64>,
    problem: impl Into<String>,
) {
    problems.push(GrantProblem {
        file,
        line,
        problem: problem.into(),
    });
}