diff --git a/Frontend.h b/Frontend.h
index 026f90c..e6e7df7 100644
--- a/Frontend.h
+++ b/Frontend.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public:
 	virtual ~Frontend() = default;
 
 	// Initialize the frontend (create window/terminal, etc.)
-	virtual bool Init(Editor &ed) = 0;
+	virtual bool Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed) = 0;
 
 	// Execute one iteration (poll input, dispatch, draw). Set running=false to exit.
 	virtual void Step(Editor &ed, bool &running) = 0;
diff --git a/ImGuiFrontend.cc b/ImGuiFrontend.cc
index 862d304..c73964e 100644
--- a/ImGuiFrontend.cc
+++ b/ImGuiFrontend.cc
@@ -30,8 +30,10 @@
 static auto kGlslVersion = "#version 150"; // GL 3.2 core (macOS compatible)
 
 bool
-GUIFrontend::Init(Editor &ed)
+GUIFrontend::Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed)
 {
+	(void) argc;
+	(void) argv;
 	// Attach editor to input handler for editor-owned features (e.g., universal argument)
 	input_.Attach(&ed);
 	// editor dimensions will be initialized during the first Step() frame
diff --git a/ImGuiFrontend.h b/ImGuiFrontend.h
index 54c15aa..1a0c2e4 100644
--- a/ImGuiFrontend.h
+++ b/ImGuiFrontend.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public:
 
 	~GUIFrontend() override = default;
 
-	bool Init(Editor &ed) override;
+	bool Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed) override;
 
 	void Step(Editor &ed, bool &running) override;
 
diff --git a/QtFrontend.cc b/QtFrontend.cc
index 89940fc..278c09f 100644
--- a/QtFrontend.cc
+++ b/QtFrontend.cc
@@ -658,11 +658,9 @@ private:
 } // namespace
 
 bool
-GUIFrontend::Init(Editor &ed)
+GUIFrontend::Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed)
 {
-	int argc    = 0;
-	char **argv = nullptr;
-	app_        = new QApplication(argc, argv);
+	app_ = new QApplication(argc, argv);
 
 	window_ = new MainWindow(input_);
 	window_->show();
diff --git a/QtFrontend.h b/QtFrontend.h
index ca1fed0..cb389d4 100644
--- a/QtFrontend.h
+++ b/QtFrontend.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public:
 
 	~GUIFrontend() override = default;
 
-	bool Init(Editor &ed) override;
+	bool Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed) override;
 
 	void Step(Editor &ed, bool &running) override;
 
diff --git a/TerminalFrontend.cc b/TerminalFrontend.cc
index eeed8a9..8aaa921 100644
--- a/TerminalFrontend.cc
+++ b/TerminalFrontend.cc
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@
 
 
 bool
-TerminalFrontend::Init(Editor &ed)
+TerminalFrontend::Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed)
 {
+	(void) argc;
+	(void) argv;
 	// Ensure Control keys reach the app: disable XON/XOFF and dsusp/susp bindings (e.g., ^S/^Q, ^Y on macOS)
 	{
 		struct termios tio{};
@@ -121,4 +123,4 @@ TerminalFrontend::Shutdown()
 		have_old_sigint_ = false;
 	}
 	endwin();
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/TerminalFrontend.h b/TerminalFrontend.h
index 1afc27d..6749c7a 100644
--- a/TerminalFrontend.h
+++ b/TerminalFrontend.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public:
 	// Adjust if your terminal needs a different threshold.
 	static constexpr int kEscDelayMs = 50;
 
-	bool Init(Editor &ed) override;
+	bool Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed) override;
 
 	void Step(Editor &ed, bool &running) override;
 
diff --git a/TestFrontend.cc b/TestFrontend.cc
index 30e11a3..dcea91f 100644
--- a/TestFrontend.cc
+++ b/TestFrontend.cc
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 
 
 bool
-TestFrontend::Init(Editor &ed)
+TestFrontend::Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed)
 {
+	(void) argc;
+	(void) argv;
 	ed.SetDimensions(24, 80);
 	return true;
 }
@@ -30,4 +32,4 @@ TestFrontend::Step(Editor &ed, bool &running)
 
 
 void
-TestFrontend::Shutdown() {}
+TestFrontend::Shutdown() {}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/TestFrontend.h b/TestFrontend.h
index 7adc0e4..b188745 100644
--- a/TestFrontend.h
+++ b/TestFrontend.h
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public:
 
 	~TestFrontend() override = default;
 
-	bool Init(Editor &ed) override;
+	bool Init(int &argc, char **argv, Editor &ed) override;
 
 	void Step(Editor &ed, bool &running) override;
 
diff --git a/main.cc b/main.cc
index 55f0ab8..3e93448 100644
--- a/main.cc
+++ b/main.cc
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ RunStressHighlighter(unsigned seconds)
 
 
 int
-main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 	int opt;
 	int long_index          = 0;
 	unsigned stress_seconds = 0;
-	while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, const_cast<char *const *>(argv), "gthV", long_opts, &long_index)) != -1) {
+	while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "gthV", long_opts, &long_index)) != -1) {
 		switch (opt) {
 		case 'g':
 			req_gui = true;
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 	}
 #endif
 
-	if (!fe->Init(editor)) {
+	if (!fe->Init(argc, argv, editor)) {
 		std::cerr << "kte: failed to initialize frontend" << std::endl;
 		return 1;
 	}