463 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
463 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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APPENDIX B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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The Uncontrolled Reference Word Set contains glossary definitions
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which are included for public reference of words that have past
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or present usage and/or are candidates for future
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standardization. No recommendation is made that these words be
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included in a system.
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No restrictions are placed on the definition or usage of
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uncontrolled words. However, use of these names for procedures
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differing from the given definitions is discouraged.
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!BITS 16b1 addr 16b2 -- "store-bits"
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Store the value of 16b1 masked by 16b2 into the equivalent
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masked part of the contents of addr, without affecting bits
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outside the mask.
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** n1 n2 -- n3 "power"
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n3 is the value of n1 to the power n2.
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+BLOCK w -- u "plus-block"
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u is the sum of w plus the number of the block being
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interpreted.
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-' -- addr false "dash-tick"
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-- true
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Used in the form:
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-' <name>
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Leave the parameter field of <name> beneath zero (false) if
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<name> can be found in the search order; leave only true if
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not found.
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-MATCH addr1 +n1 addr2 +n2 -- addr3 flag "dash-match"
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Attempt to find the +n2-length text string beginning at
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addr2 somewhere in the +n1-length text string beginning at
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addr1. Return the last+1 address addr3 of the match point
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and a flag which is zero if a match exists.
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-TEXT addr1 +n1 addr2 -- n2 "dash-text"
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Compare two strings over the length +n1 beginning at addr1
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and addr2. Return zero if the strings are equal. If
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unequal, return n2, the difference between the last
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characters compared: addr1(i) - addr2(i).
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58
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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/LOOP +n -- C,I "up-loop"
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sys -- (compiling)
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A do-loop terminating word. The loop index is incremented
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by the positive value +n. If the unsigned magnitude of the
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resultant index is greater than the limit, then the loop is
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terminated, otherwise execution returns to the corresponding
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DO . The comparison is unsigned magnitude. sys is balanced
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with its corresponding DO . See: DO
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1+! addr -- "one-plus-store"
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Add one to the 16-bit contents at addr.
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1-! addr -- "one-minus-store"
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Subtract one from the 16-bit contents at addr.
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;: -- addr C,I"semi-colon-colon"
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Used to specify a new defining word:
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: <namex> <name>
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When <namex> is executed, it creates an entry for the new
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word <name>. Later execution of <name> will execute the
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sequence of words between ;: and ; , with the address of the
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first (if any) parameters associated with <name> on the
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stack.
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;S -- Interpret only"semi-s"
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Stop interpretation of a block.
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<> w1 w2 -- flag "not-equal"
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flag is true if w1 is not equal to w2.
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<BUILDS -- "builds"
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Used in conjunction with DOES> in defining words, in the
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form:
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: <namex> ... <BUILDS ... DOES> ... ;
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and then:
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<namex> <name>
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When <namex> executes, <BUILDS creates a dictionary entry
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for the new <name>. The sequence of words between <BUILDS
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and DOES> established a parameter field for <name>. When
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<name> is later executed, the sequence of words following
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DOES> will be executed, with the parameter field address of
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<name> on the data stack.
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<CMOVE addr1 addr2 u -- "reverse-c-move"
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A synonym for CMOVE> .
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>< 16b1 -- 16b2 "byte-swap"
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Swap the high and low bytes within 16b1.
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>MOVE< addr1 addr2 u -- "byte-swap-move"
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Move u bytes beginning at addr1 to the memory beginning at
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addr2. During this move, the order of each byte pair is
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reversed.
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59
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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@BITS addr 16b1 -- 16b2 "fetch-bits"
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Return the 16-bits at addr masked by 16b1.
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AGAIN -- C,I
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sys -- (compiling)
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Effect an unconditional jump back to the start of a BEGIN-
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AGAIN loop. sys is balanced with its corresponding BEGIN .
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See: BEGIN
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ASCII -- char I,M "as-key"
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-- (compiling)
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Used in the form:
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ASCII ccc
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where the delimiter of ccc is a space. char is the ASCII
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character value of the first character in ccc. If
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interpreting, char is left on the stack. If compiling,
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compile char as a literal so that when the colon definition
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is later executed, char is left on the stack.
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ASHIFT 16b1 n -- 16b2 "a-shift"
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Shift the value 16b1 arithmetically n bits left if n is
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positive, shifting zeros into the least significant bit
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positions. If n is negative, 16b1 is shifted right; the
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sign is included in the shift and remains unchanged.
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B/BUF -- 1024 "bytes-per-buffer"
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A constant leaving 1024, the number of bytes per block
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buffer.
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BELL --
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Activate a terminal bell or noise-maker as appropriate to
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the device in use.
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CHAIN -- M
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Used in the form:
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CHAIN <name>
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Connect the CURRENT vocabulary to all definitions that might
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be entered into the vocabulary <name> in the future. The
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CURRENT vocabulary may not be FORTH or ASSEMBLER . Any
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given vocabulary may only be chained once, but may be the
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object of any number of chainings. For example, every user-
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defined vocabulary may include the sequence:
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CHAIN FORTH
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CONTINUED u -- M
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Continue interpretation at block u.
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CUR -- addr
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A variable pointing to the physical record number before
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which the tape is currently positioned. REWIND sets CUR=1.
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DBLOCK ud -- addr M "d-block"
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Identical to BLOCK but with a 32-bit block unsigned number.
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60
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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DPL -- addr U "d-p-l"
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A variable containing the number of places after the
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fractional point for input conversion.
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FLD -- addr U "f-l-d"
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A variable pointing to the field length reserved for a
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number during output conversion.
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H. u -- M "h-dot"
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Output u as a hexadecimal integer with one trailing blank.
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The current base is unchanged.
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I' -- w C "i-prime"
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Used within a colon definition executed only from within a
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do-loop to return the corresponding loop index.
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IFEND Interpret only"if-end"
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Terminate a conditional interpretation sequence begun by
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IFTRUE .
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IFTRUE flag -- Interpret only "if-true"
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Begin an:
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IFTRUE ... OTHERWISE ... IFEND
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conditional sequence. These conditional words operated
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like:
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IF ... ELSE ... THEN
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except that they cannot be nested, and are to be used only
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during interpretation. In conjunction with the words [ and
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] the words [ and ] they may be used within a colon
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definition to control compilation, although they are not to
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be compiled.
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INDEX u1 u2 -- M
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Print the first line of each screen over the range {u1..u2}.
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This displays the first line of each screen of source text,
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which conventionally contains a title.
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LAST -- addr U
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A variable containing the address of the beginning of the
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last dictionary entry made, which may not yet be a complete
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or valid entry.
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LINE +n -- addr M
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addr is the address of the beginning of line +n for the
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screen whose number is contained in SCR . The range of +n
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is {0..15}.
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LINELOAD +n u -- "line-load"
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Begin interpretation at line +n of screen u.
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61
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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LOADS u -- M
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A defining word executed in the form:
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u LOADS <name>
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When <name> is subsequently executed, block u will be
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loaded.
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MAP0 -- addr "map-zero"
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A variable pointing to the first location in the tape map.
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MASK n -- 16b
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16b is a mask of n most-significant bits if n is positive,
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or n least-significant bits if n is negative.
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MOVE addr1 addr2 u --
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The u bytes at address addr1 are moved to address addr2.
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The data are moved such that the u bytes remaining at
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address addr2 are the same data as was originally at address
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addr1. If u is zero nothing is moved.
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MS +n -- M "m-s"
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Delay for approximately +n milliseconds.
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NAND 16b1 16b2 -- 16b3
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16b3 is the one's complement of the logical AND of 16b1 with
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16b2.
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NOR 16b1 16b2 -- 16b3
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16b3 is the one's complement of the logical OR of 16b1 with
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16b2.
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NUMBER addr -- d
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Convert the count and character string at addr, to a signed
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32-bit integer, using the value of BASE . If numeric
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conversion is not possible, an error condition exists. The
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string may contain a preceding minus sign.
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O. u -- M "o-dot"
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Print u in octal format with one trailing blank. The value
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in BASE is unaffected.
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OTHERWISE -- Interpret only
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An interpreter-level conditional word. See: IFTRUE
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PAGE -- M
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Clear the terminal screen or perform a form-feed action
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suitable to the output device currently active.
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READ-MAP -- M "read-map"
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Read to the next file mark on tape constructing a
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correspondence table in memory (the map) relating physical
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block position to logical block number. The tape should
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normally be rewound to its load point before executing READ-
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MAP .
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62
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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REMEMBER -- M
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A defining word executed in the form:
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REMEMBER <name>
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Defines a word which, when executed, will cause <name> and
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all subsequently defined words to be deleted from the
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dictionary. <name> may be compiled into and executed from a
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colon definition. The sequence
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DISCARD REMEMBER DISCARD
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provides a standardized preface to any group of transient
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word definitions.
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REWIND -- M
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Rewind the tape to its load point, setting CUR equal to one.
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ROTATE 16b1 n -- 16b2
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Rotate 16b1 left n bits if n is positive, right n bits if n
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is negative. Bits shifted out of one end of the cell are
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shifted back in at the opposite end.
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S0 -- addr U "s-zero"
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A variable containing the address of the bottom of the
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stack.
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SET 16b addr -- M
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A defining word executed in the form:
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16b addr SET <name>
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Defines a word <name> which, when executed, will cause the
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value 16b to be stored at addr.
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SHIFT 16b1 n -- 16b2
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Logical shift 16b1 left n bits if n is positive, right n
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bits if n is negative. Zeros are shifted into vacated bit
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positions.
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TEXT char -- M
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Accept characters from the input stream, as for WORD , into
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PAD , blank-filling the remainder of PAD to 84 characters.
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USER +n -- M
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A defining word executed in the form:
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+n USER <name>
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which creates a user variable <name>. +n is the offset
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within the user area where the value for <name> is stored.
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Execution of <name> leaves its absolute user area storage
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address.
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WORDS -- M
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List the word names in the first vocabulary of the currently
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active search order.
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63
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B. UNCONTROLLED REFERENCE WORDS
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\LOOP +n -- C,I "down-loop"
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sys -- (compiling)
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A do-loop terminating word. The loop index is decremented
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by the positive value +n. If the unsigned magnitude of the
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resultant index is less than or equal to the limit, then the
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loop is terminated, otherwise execution returns to the
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corresponding DO . The comparison is unsigned. sys is
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balanced with its corresponding DO . See: DO
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64
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