From b518212ba750a6cefabf580386249a6b01ee458d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyle Isom <kyle@imap.cc>
Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2018 15:54:44 -0800
Subject: [PATCH] ods: Working on DualArrayDeque.

---
 ods/notes/chapter2.txt         | 11 ++++
 ods/src/array_test.cc          | 31 ++++++++++++
 ods/src/ods/array_stack.h      |  1 +
 ods/src/ods/dual_array_deque.h | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 134 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 ods/src/ods/dual_array_deque.h

diff --git a/ods/notes/chapter2.txt b/ods/notes/chapter2.txt
index 3f2afe0..9c8987e 100644
--- a/ods/notes/chapter2.txt
+++ b/ods/notes/chapter2.txt
@@ -57,3 +57,14 @@ resizing isn't too bad.
   set/get in time O(1) time per operation, and add/remove in O(1+min(i, n-1))
   time per operation. Beginning with an empty ArrayDeque, performing any 
   sequence of m operations results in a total of O(m) time resizing.
+
+## Dual Array Deque 
+
+* Same performance bounds as ArrayDeque using a pair of ArrayStacks.
+* While not better, it's instructive as an example of building a more complex
+  data structure from simpler ones.
+* List is represented as a pair of ArrayStacks; these are fast when a
+  modification occurs at the end. The DAD uses two ArrayStacks called
+  front and back.
+  * front: list elements that are 0...front.size()-1
+  * back: same but reverse order
diff --git a/ods/src/array_test.cc b/ods/src/array_test.cc
index bf900eb..ae8c69c 100644
--- a/ods/src/array_test.cc
+++ b/ods/src/array_test.cc
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <ods/array_stack.h>
 #include <ods/array_queue.h>
 #include <ods/array_deque.h>
+#include <ods/dual_array_deque.h>
 using namespace std;
 using namespace ods;
 
@@ -78,4 +79,34 @@ main(void)
 	ad.remove(3);
 	ad.remove(4);
 	cout << "size: " << ad.size() << ", cap: " << ad.cap() << endl;
+
+	cout << "=== DualArrayDeque ===" << endl;
+	DualArrayDeque<int>	dad(1);
+	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+		dad.add(0, 4-i);
+	}
+	cout << "size: " << dad.size() << ", cap: " << dad.cap() << endl;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+		dad.add(dad.size(), i);
+	}
+	cout << "size: " << dad.size() << ", cap: " << dad.cap() << endl;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < dad.size(); i++) {
+		cout << i << "\t" << dad.get(i) << endl;
+	}
+
+	x = dad.remove(1);
+	assert(x == 1);
+	x = dad.remove(7);
+	assert(x == 3);
+	cout << "size: " << dad.size() << ", cap: " << dad.cap() << endl;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < dad.size(); i++) {
+		cout << i << "\t" << dad.get(i) << endl;
+	}
+	dad.remove(2);
+	dad.remove(3);
+	dad.remove(4);
+	cout << "size: " << dad.size() << ", cap: " << dad.cap() << endl;
 }
diff --git a/ods/src/ods/array_stack.h b/ods/src/ods/array_stack.h
index 617c67a..b856e3a 100644
--- a/ods/src/ods/array_stack.h
+++ b/ods/src/ods/array_stack.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ template<typename T>
 class ArrayStack {
 public:
 	ArrayStack(int len) : n(0), a(Array<T>(len)) {}
+	ArrayStack(Array<T> na, int len) : n(len), a(na) {}
 	int size(void) { return n; }
 	int cap(void)  { return a.length; }
 	T get(int i) { return a[i]; }
diff --git a/ods/src/ods/dual_array_deque.h b/ods/src/ods/dual_array_deque.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b62f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ods/src/ods/dual_array_deque.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#ifndef __ODS_ODS_DUAL_ARRAY_DEQUE__
+#define __ODS_ODS_DUAL_ARRAY_DEQUE__
+
+#include <ods/array.h>
+#include <ods/array_stack.h>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace ods {
+
+
+template<typename T>
+class DualArrayDeque {
+public:
+	DualArrayDeque(int len) : front(ArrayStack<T>(len)), back(ArrayStack<T>(len)) {}
+	int size(void) { return front.size() + back.size(); }
+	int cap(void)  { return front.cap() + back.cap(); }
+	T get(int i) {
+		if (i < front.size()) {
+			return front.get(front.size() - i - 1);
+		}
+		else {
+			return back.get(i - front.size());
+		}
+	}
+	T set(int i, T x) {
+		if (i < front.size()) {
+			return front.set(front.size() - i - 1, x);
+		}
+		else {
+			return back.set(i - front.size());
+		}
+	}
+
+	void add(int i, T x) {
+		if (i < front.size()) {
+			front.add(front.size() - i, x);
+		}
+		else {
+			back.add(i - front.size(), x);
+		}
+		balance();
+	}
+
+	T remove(int i) {
+		T x;
+		if (i < front.size()) {
+			x = front.remove(front.size() - i - 1);
+		}
+		else {
+			x = back.remove(i - front.size());
+		}
+		balance();
+		return x;
+	}
+
+private:
+	ArrayStack<T> front;
+	ArrayStack<T> back;
+
+	static inline int max(int x, int y) {
+		return x > y ? x : y;
+	}
+
+	void balance(void) {
+		if ((3 * front.size() < back.size()) ||
+		    (3 * back.size()  < front.size())) {
+			std::cerr << "rebalancing\n";
+			auto n = front.size();
+			auto nf = n / 2;
+			Array<T> af(max(2*nf, 1));
+			for (int i = 0; i < nf; i++) {
+				af[nf-i-1] = this->get(i);
+			}
+
+			auto nb = n - nf;
+			Array<T> ab(max(2*nb, 1));
+			for (int i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
+				ab[i] = this->get(nf+i);
+			}
+
+			ArrayStack<T>	fas(af, nf);
+			ArrayStack<T>	bas(ab, nb);
+			this->front = fas;
+			this->back  = bas;
+		}
+	}
+};
+
+} // namespace ods
+
+#endif // __ODS_ODS_DUAL_ARRAY_DEQUE__