Harden deployment and fix PEN-01

- Fix Bearer token extraction to validate prefix (PEN-01)
- Add TestExtractBearerFromRequest covering PEN-01 edge cases
- Fix flaky TestRenewToken timing (2s → 4s lifetime)
- Move default config/install paths to /srv/mcias
- Add RUNBOOK.md for operational procedures
- Update AUDIT.md with penetration test round 4

Security: extractBearerFromRequest now uses case-insensitive prefix
validation instead of fixed-offset slicing, rejecting non-Bearer
Authorization schemes that were previously accepted.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

dist/install.sh

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # This script must be run as root. It:
 #   1. Creates the mcias system user and group (idempotent).
 #   2. Copies binaries to /usr/local/bin/.
-#   3. Creates /etc/mcias/ and /var/lib/mcias/ with correct permissions.
+#   3. Creates /srv/mcias/ with correct permissions.
 #   4. Installs the systemd service unit.
 #   5. Prints post-install instructions.
 #
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ set -eu
 # Configuration
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 BIN_DIR="/usr/local/bin"
-CONF_DIR="/etc/mcias"
-DATA_DIR="/var/lib/mcias"
+SRV_DIR="/srv/mcias"
 MAN_DIR="/usr/share/man/man1"
 SYSTEMD_DIR="/etc/systemd/system"
 SERVICE_USER="mcias"
@@ -114,23 +113,19 @@ for bin in mciassrv mciasctl mciasdb mciasgrpcctl; do
     install -m 0755 -o root -g root "$src" "$BIN_DIR/$bin"
 done
 
-# Step 3: Create configuration directory.
-info "Creating $CONF_DIR"
-install -d -m 0750 -o root -g "$SERVICE_GROUP" "$CONF_DIR"
+# Step 3: Create service directory.
+info "Creating $SRV_DIR"
+install -d -m 0750 -o "$SERVICE_USER" -g "$SERVICE_GROUP" "$SRV_DIR"
 
 # Install example config files; never overwrite existing configs.
 for f in mcias.conf.example mcias.env.example; do
     src="$SCRIPT_DIR/$f"
-    dst="$CONF_DIR/$f"
+    dst="$SRV_DIR/$f"
     if [ -f "$src" ]; then
-        install -m 0640 -o root -g "$SERVICE_GROUP" "$src" "$dst" 2>/dev/null || true
+        install -m 0640 -o "$SERVICE_USER" -g "$SERVICE_GROUP" "$src" "$dst" 2>/dev/null || true
     fi
 done
 
-# Step 4: Create data directory.
-info "Creating $DATA_DIR"
-install -d -m 0750 -o "$SERVICE_USER" -g "$SERVICE_GROUP" "$DATA_DIR"
-
 # Step 5: Install systemd service unit.
 if [ -d "$SYSTEMD_DIR" ]; then
     info "Installing systemd service unit to $SYSTEMD_DIR"
@@ -175,26 +170,26 @@ Next steps:
 
    # Self-signed (development / personal use):
    openssl req -x509 -newkey ed25519 -days 3650 \\
-     -keyout /etc/mcias/server.key \\
-     -out    /etc/mcias/server.crt \\
+     -keyout /srv/mcias/server.key \\
+     -out    /srv/mcias/server.crt \\
      -subj   "/CN=auth.example.com" \\
      -nodes
-   chmod 0640 /etc/mcias/server.key
-   chown root:mcias /etc/mcias/server.key
+   chmod 0640 /srv/mcias/server.key
+   chown mcias:mcias /srv/mcias/server.key /srv/mcias/server.crt
 
 2. Copy and edit the configuration file:
 
-   cp /etc/mcias/mcias.conf.example /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
-   \$EDITOR /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
-   chmod 0640 /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
-   chown root:mcias /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
+   cp /srv/mcias/mcias.conf.example /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
+   \$EDITOR /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
+   chmod 0640 /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
+   chown mcias:mcias /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
 
 3. Set the master key passphrase:
 
-   cp /etc/mcias/mcias.env.example /etc/mcias/env
-   \$EDITOR /etc/mcias/env           # replace the placeholder passphrase
-   chmod 0640 /etc/mcias/env
-   chown root:mcias /etc/mcias/env
+   cp /srv/mcias/mcias.env.example /srv/mcias/env
+   \$EDITOR /srv/mcias/env           # replace the placeholder passphrase
+   chmod 0640 /srv/mcias/env
+   chown mcias:mcias /srv/mcias/env
 
    IMPORTANT: Back up the passphrase to a secure offline location.
    Losing it means losing access to all encrypted data in the database.
@@ -208,16 +203,16 @@ Next steps:
 5. Create the first admin account using mciasdb (while the server is
    running, or before first start):
 
-   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=\$(grep MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE /etc/mcias/env | cut -d= -f2) \\
-     mciasdb --config /etc/mcias/mcias.conf account create \\
+   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=\$(grep MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE /srv/mcias/env | cut -d= -f2) \\
+     mciasdb --config /srv/mcias/mcias.toml account create \\
        --username admin --type human
 
    Then set a password:
-   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=... mciasdb --config /etc/mcias/mcias.conf \\
+   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=... mciasdb --config /srv/mcias/mcias.toml \\
      account set-password --id <UUID>
 
    And grant the admin role:
-   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=... mciasdb --config /etc/mcias/mcias.conf \\
+   MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=... mciasdb --config /srv/mcias/mcias.toml \\
      role grant --id <UUID> --role admin
 
 For full documentation, see: man mciassrv

dist/mcias-dev.conf.example

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #   export MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=devpassphrase
 #
 # Start the server:
-#   mciassrv -config /path/to/mcias-dev.conf
+#   mciassrv -config /path/to/mcias-dev.toml
 
 [server]
 listen_addr = "127.0.0.1:8443"

dist/mcias.conf.docker.example

@@ -1,38 +1,36 @@
 # mcias.conf.docker.example — Config template for container deployment
 #
-# Mount this file into the container at /etc/mcias/mcias.conf:
+# Mount this file into the container at /srv/mcias/mcias.toml:
 #
 #   docker run -d \
 #     --name mcias \
-#     -v /path/to/mcias.conf:/etc/mcias/mcias.conf:ro \
-#     -v /path/to/certs:/etc/mcias:ro \
-#     -v mcias-data:/data \
+#     -v /srv/mcias:/srv/mcias \
 #     -e MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=your-passphrase \
 #     -p 8443:8443 \
 #     -p 9443:9443 \
 #     mcias:latest
 #
 # The container runs as uid 10001 (mcias). Ensure that:
-#   - /data volume is writable by uid 10001
+#   - /srv/mcias is writable by uid 10001
 #   - TLS cert and key are readable by uid 10001
 #
 # TLS: The server performs TLS termination inside the container; there is no
-# plain-text mode. Mount your certificate and key under /etc/mcias/.
+# plain-text mode. Place your certificate and key under /srv/mcias/.
 # For Let's Encrypt certificates, mount the live/ directory read-only.
 
 [server]
 listen_addr = "0.0.0.0:8443"
 grpc_addr   = "0.0.0.0:9443"
-tls_cert    = "/etc/mcias/server.crt"
-tls_key     = "/etc/mcias/server.key"
+tls_cert    = "/srv/mcias/server.crt"
+tls_key     = "/srv/mcias/server.key"
 # If a reverse proxy (nginx, Caddy, Traefik) sits in front of this container,
 # set trusted_proxy to its container IP so real client IPs are used for rate
 # limiting and audit logging. Leave commented out for direct exposure.
 # trusted_proxy = "172.17.0.1"
 
 [database]
-# VOLUME /data is declared in the Dockerfile; map a named volume here.
-path = "/data/mcias.db"
+# All data lives under /srv/mcias for a single-volume deployment.
+path = "/srv/mcias/mcias.db"
 
 [tokens]
 issuer         = "https://auth.example.com"

dist/mcias.conf.example

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # mcias.conf — Reference configuration for mciassrv
 #
-# Copy this file to /etc/mcias/mcias.conf and adjust the values for your
+# Copy this file to /srv/mcias/mcias.toml and adjust the values for your
 # deployment. All fields marked REQUIRED must be set before the server will
 # start. Fields marked OPTIONAL can be omitted to use defaults.
 #
 # File permissions: mode 0640, owner root:mcias.
-#   chmod 0640 /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
-#   chown root:mcias /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
+#   chmod 0640 /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
+#   chown root:mcias /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # [server] — Network listener configuration
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ listen_addr = "0.0.0.0:8443"
 # REQUIRED. Path to the TLS certificate (PEM format).
 # Self-signed certificates work fine for personal deployments; for
 # public-facing deployments consider a certificate from Let's Encrypt.
-tls_cert = "/etc/mcias/server.crt"
+tls_cert = "/srv/mcias/server.crt"
 
 # REQUIRED. Path to the TLS private key (PEM format).
 # Permissions: mode 0640, owner root:mcias.
-tls_key = "/etc/mcias/server.key"
+tls_key = "/srv/mcias/server.key"
 
 # OPTIONAL. IP address of a trusted reverse proxy (e.g. nginx, Caddy, HAProxy).
 # When set, the rate limiter and audit log extract the real client IP from the
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ tls_key = "/etc/mcias/server.key"
 # REQUIRED. Path to the SQLite database file.
 # The directory must be writable by the mcias user. WAL mode is enabled
 # automatically; expect three files: mcias.db, mcias.db-wal, mcias.db-shm.
-path = "/var/lib/mcias/mcias.db"
+path = "/srv/mcias/mcias.db"
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # [tokens] — JWT issuance policy
@@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ threads = 4
 # database on first run and reused on subsequent runs so the same passphrase
 # always produces the same master key.
 #
-# Set the passphrase in /etc/mcias/env (loaded by the systemd EnvironmentFile
+# Set the passphrase in /srv/mcias/env (loaded by the systemd EnvironmentFile
 # directive). See dist/mcias.env.example for the template.
 passphrase_env = "MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE"
 
 # Option B: Key file mode. The file must contain exactly 32 bytes of raw key
-# material (AES-256). Generate with: openssl rand -out /etc/mcias/master.key 32
+# material (AES-256). Generate with: openssl rand -out /srv/mcias/master.key 32
 # Permissions: mode 0640, owner root:mcias.
 #
 # Uncomment and comment out passphrase_env to switch modes.
-# keyfile = "/etc/mcias/master.key"
+# keyfile = "/srv/mcias/master.key"

dist/mcias.env.example

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# /etc/mcias/env — Environment file for mciassrv (systemd EnvironmentFile).
+# /srv/mcias/env — Environment file for mciassrv (systemd EnvironmentFile).
 #
 # This file is loaded by the mcias.service unit before the server starts.
 # It must be readable only by root and the mcias service account:
 #
-#   chmod 0640 /etc/mcias/env
-#   chown root:mcias /etc/mcias/env
+#   chmod 0640 /srv/mcias/env
+#   chown root:mcias /srv/mcias/env
 #
 # SECURITY: This file contains the master key passphrase. Treat it with
 # the same care as a private key. Do not commit it to version control.

dist/mcias.service

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ User=mcias
 Group=mcias
 
 # Configuration and secrets.
-# /etc/mcias/env must contain MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=<passphrase>
+# /srv/mcias/env must contain MCIAS_MASTER_PASSPHRASE=<passphrase>
 # See dist/mcias.env.example for the template.
-EnvironmentFile=/etc/mcias/env
+EnvironmentFile=/srv/mcias/env
 
-ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/mciassrv -config /etc/mcias/mcias.conf
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/mciassrv -config /srv/mcias/mcias.toml
 Restart=on-failure
 RestartSec=5
 
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ LimitNOFILE=65536
 CapabilityBoundingSet=
 
 # Filesystem restrictions.
-# mciassrv reads /etc/mcias (config, TLS cert/key) and writes /var/lib/mcias (DB).
+# mciassrv reads and writes /srv/mcias (config, TLS cert/key, database).
 ProtectSystem=strict
 ProtectHome=true
 PrivateTmp=true
-ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/mcias
+ReadWritePaths=/srv/mcias
 
 # Additional hardening.
 NoNewPrivileges=true